#define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/unionfind"
#include"../../../utilities/fast_io.hpp"#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#include<cassert>
#include"../../../ds/dsu/dsu.hpp"usingnamespacestd;namespace{voidtest_callback(){m1une::ds::Dsudsu(6);vector<longlong>sum={1,2,3,4,5,6};intcallback_count=0;autocombine=[&](intnew_leader,intabsorbed_leader){assert(dsu.leader(new_leader)==new_leader);assert(dsu.leader(absorbed_leader)==new_leader);sum[new_leader]+=sum[absorbed_leader];callback_count++;};assert(dsu.merge(0,1,combine)==0);assert(dsu.merge(2,3,combine)==2);assert(dsu.merge(0,2,combine)==0);assert(sum[dsu.leader(3)]==10);assert(callback_count==3);assert(dsu.merge(1,3,combine)==0);assert(callback_count==3);assert(dsu.merge(4,0,combine)==0);assert(sum[dsu.leader(4)]==15);assert(callback_count==4);}}// namespaceintmain(){m1une::utilities::FastInputfast_input;m1une::utilities::FastOutputfast_output;test_callback();intN,Q;fast_input>>N>>Q;m1une::ds::Dsudsu(N);for(intq=0;q<Q;++q){intt,u,v;fast_input>>t>>u>>v;if(t==0){dsu.merge(u,v);}else{fast_output<<(int)dsu.same(u,v)<<'\n';}}}
#line 1 "verify/ds/dsu/dsu.test.cpp"
#define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/unionfind"
#line 1 "utilities/fast_io.hpp"
#include<algorithm>
#include<array>
#include<cerrno>
#include<charconv>
#include<cstddef>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cstdint>
#include<cstring>
#include<iterator>
#include<string>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<type_traits>
#include<utility>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<vector>namespacem1une{namespaceutilities{structFastOutput;namespaceinternal{// Shared with the convenience helpers in template.hpp.inlineFastOutput*standard_output_instance=nullptr;// Detect std::begin(x), std::end(x).template<classT,class=void>structis_range:std::false_type{};template<classT>structis_range<T,std::void_t<decltype(std::begin(std::declval<T&>())),decltype(std::end(std::declval<T&>()))>>:std::true_type{};template<classT>inlineconstexprboolis_range_v=is_range<T>::value;template<classT>usingrange_reference_t=decltype(*std::begin(std::declval<T&>()));template<classT>usingrange_value_t=std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<range_reference_t<T>>>;template<classT,class=void>structrange_stored_value{usingtype=range_value_t<T>;};template<classT>structrange_stored_value<T,std::void_t<typenamestd::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<T>>::value_type>>{usingtype=typenamestd::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<T>>::value_type;};template<classT>usingrange_stored_value_t=typenamerange_stored_value<T>::type;// Treat strings and C strings as scalar output objects, not as ranges.template<classT>structis_char_array:std::false_type{};template<classT,std::size_tN>structis_char_array<T[N]>:std::bool_constant<std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>,char>>{};template<classT>structis_string_like:std::bool_constant<std::is_same_v<std::decay_t<T>,std::string>||std::is_same_v<std::decay_t<T>,constchar*>||std::is_same_v<std::decay_t<T>,char*>||is_char_array<std::remove_reference_t<T>>::value>{};template<classT>inlineconstexprboolis_string_like_v=is_string_like<T>::value;// ModInt-like type: x.val() is printable, and x can be assigned from long long.template<classT,class=void>structhas_val_method:std::false_type{};template<classT>structhas_val_method<T,std::void_t<decltype(std::declval<constT&>().val())>>:std::true_type{};template<classT>inlineconstexprboolhas_val_method_v=has_val_method<T>::value;template<classT,class=void>structhas_static_mod_raw:std::false_type{};template<classT>structhas_static_mod_raw<T,std::void_t<decltype(T::mod()),decltype(T::raw(std::declval<uint32_t>()))>>:std::true_type{};template<classT>inlineconstexprboolhas_static_mod_raw_v=has_static_mod_raw<T>::value;// libstdc++ before GCC 16 does not classify __int128 as an integral type in// strict ISO modes such as -std=c++23. Keep the fast-I/O interface independent// of that implementation detail.template<classT>inlineconstexprboolis_integral_v=std::is_integral_v<T>||std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>,__int128_t>||std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>,__uint128_t>;template<classT>inlineconstexprboolis_signed_v=std::is_signed_v<T>||std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>,__int128_t>;template<classT>structmake_unsigned{usingtype=std::make_unsigned_t<T>;};template<>structmake_unsigned<__int128_t>{usingtype=__uint128_t;};template<>structmake_unsigned<__uint128_t>{usingtype=__uint128_t;};template<classT>usingmake_unsigned_t=typenamemake_unsigned<std::remove_cv_t<T>>::type;}// namespace internalstructFastInput{staticconstexprintbuffer_size=1<<20;private:std::FILE*_stream;char_buffer[buffer_size];int_position;int_length;int_file_descriptor;bool_streaming;boolrefill(){_position=0;if(_streaming){ssize_tlength;do{length=::read(_file_descriptor,_buffer,buffer_size);}while(length<0&&errno==EINTR);if(length<=0){_length=0;returnfalse;}_length=int(length);}else{_length=int(std::fread(_buffer,1,buffer_size,_stream));}return_length!=0;}template<classT>boolread_integer_from_stream(T&value){if(!skip_spaces())returnfalse;intc=read_char_raw();boolnegative=false;if(c=='-'){negative=true;c=read_char_raw();}ifconstexpr(internal::is_signed_v<T>){Tresult=0;while('0'<=c&&c<='9'){result=negative?result*10-(c-'0'):result*10+(c-'0');c=read_char_raw();}value=result;}else{Tresult=0;while('0'<=c&&c<='9'){result=result*10+T(c-'0');c=read_char_raw();}value=negative?T(0)-result:result;}returntrue;}boolprepare_number(){if(_length-_position>=64)returntrue;constintremaining=_length-_position;if(remaining>0)std::memmove(_buffer,_buffer+_position,remaining);constintadded=int(std::fread(_buffer+remaining,1,buffer_size-remaining,_stream));_position=0;_length=remaining+added;if(_length<buffer_size)_buffer[_length]='\0';return_length!=0;}public:explicitFastInput(std::FILE*stream=stdin):_stream(stream),_position(0),_length(0),_file_descriptor(::fileno(stream)),_streaming([&]{structstatstatus;return_file_descriptor>=0&&::fstat(_file_descriptor,&status)==0&&!S_ISREG(status.st_mode);}()){}FastInput(constFastInput&)=delete;FastInput&operator=(constFastInput&)=delete;intread_char_raw(){if(_position==_length&&!refill())returnEOF;return_buffer[_position++];}boolskip_spaces(){intc=read_char_raw();while(c!=EOF&&c<=' ')c=read_char_raw();if(c==EOF)returnfalse;--_position;returntrue;}boolread(char&value){if(!skip_spaces())returnfalse;value=char(read_char_raw());returntrue;}boolread(std::string&value){if(!skip_spaces())returnfalse;value.clear();while(true){constintbegin=_position;while(_position<_length&&static_cast<unsignedchar>(_buffer[_position])>' '){++_position;}value.append(_buffer+begin,_position-begin);if(_position<_length){++_position;returntrue;}if(!refill())returntrue;}}boolread(bool&value){intx;if(!read(x))returnfalse;value=x!=0;returntrue;}template<classT>std::enable_if_t<internal::is_integral_v<T>&&!std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>,bool>&&!std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>,char>,bool>read(T&value){if(_streaming)returnread_integer_from_stream(value);if(!prepare_number())returnfalse;intc=static_cast<unsignedchar>(_buffer[_position++]);while(c<=' ')c=static_cast<unsignedchar>(_buffer[_position++]);boolnegative=false;if(c=='-'){negative=true;c=static_cast<unsignedchar>(_buffer[_position++]);}ifconstexpr(internal::is_signed_v<T>){Tresult=0;while('0'<=c&&c<='9'){constintfirst=c-'0';constintsecond=static_cast<unsignedchar>(_buffer[_position])-'0';if(0<=second&&second<=9){result=negative?result*100-(first*10+second):result*100+(first*10+second);++_position;}else{result=negative?result*10-first:result*10+first;}c=static_cast<unsignedchar>(_buffer[_position++]);}value=result;}else{Tresult=0;while('0'<=c&&c<='9'){constunsignedfirst=unsigned(c-'0');constintsecond=static_cast<unsignedchar>(_buffer[_position])-'0';if(0<=second&&second<=9){result=result*100+T(first*10+unsigned(second));++_position;}else{result=result*10+T(first);}c=static_cast<unsignedchar>(_buffer[_position++]);}value=negative?T(0)-result:result;}if(_position>_length)_position=_length;returntrue;}template<classT>std::enable_if_t<std::is_floating_point_v<T>,bool>read(T&value){if(!skip_spaces())returnfalse;intc=read_char_raw();boolnegative=false;if(c=='-'||c=='+'){negative=c=='-';c=read_char_raw();}longdoubleresult=0;while('0'<=c&&c<='9'){result=result*10+(c-'0');c=read_char_raw();}if(c=='.'){longdoubleplace=0.1L;c=read_char_raw();while('0'<=c&&c<='9'){result+=(c-'0')*place;place*=0.1L;c=read_char_raw();}}if(c=='e'||c=='E'){c=read_char_raw();boolexponent_negative=false;if(c=='-'||c=='+'){exponent_negative=c=='-';c=read_char_raw();}intexponent=0;while('0'<=c&&c<='9'){exponent=exponent*10+(c-'0');c=read_char_raw();}longdoublescale=1;longdoublepower=10;while(exponent>0){if(exponent&1)scale*=power;power*=power;exponent>>=1;}result=exponent_negative?result/scale:result*scale;}value=static_cast<T>(negative?-result:result);returntrue;}template<classT>std::enable_if_t<internal::has_val_method_v<T>&&!internal::is_integral_v<T>&&!internal::is_range_v<T>,bool>read(T&value){longlongx;if(!read(x))returnfalse;ifconstexpr(internal::has_static_mod_raw_v<T>){if(x>=0&&uint64_t(x)<uint64_t(T::mod())){value=T::raw(uint32_t(x));}else{value=T(x);}}else{value=T(x);}returntrue;}template<classFirst,classSecond>boolread(std::pair<First,Second>&value){if(!read(value.first))returnfalse;returnread(value.second);}template<classRange>std::enable_if_t<internal::is_range_v<Range>&&!internal::is_string_like_v<Range>,bool>read(Range&range){usingStoredValue=internal::range_stored_value_t<Range>;constexprboolnested=internal::is_range_v<StoredValue>&&!internal::is_string_like_v<StoredValue>;for(auto&&value:range){ifconstexpr(std::is_same_v<StoredValue,bool>&&!nested){boolx;if(!read(x))returnfalse;value=x;}else{if(!read(value))returnfalse;}}returntrue;}template<classFirst,classSecond,class...Rest>boolread(First&first,Second&second,Rest&...rest){if(!read(first))returnfalse;returnread(second,rest...);}template<classT>FastInput&operator>>(T&value){if(!read(value))std::abort();return*this;}};structFastOutput{staticconstexprintbuffer_size=1<<20;private:inlinestaticconstautodigit_quads=[]{std::array<char,40000>result{};for(inti=0;i<10000;i++){intvalue=i;for(intj=3;j>=0;j--){result[4*i+j]=char('0'+value%10);value/=10;}}returnresult;}();std::FILE*_stream;char_buffer[buffer_size];int_position;int_precision;std::chars_format_float_format;char_range_separator;std::string*_capture=nullptr;template<classT>std::stringformat_cell(constT&value){std::stringresult;structCaptureGuard{std::string*⌖std::string*previous;~CaptureGuard(){target=previous;}}guard{_capture,_capture};_capture=&result;write(value);returnresult;}template<classMatrix>voidwrite_aligned_matrix(constMatrix&matrix){std::vector<std::vector<std::string>>rows;std::vector<std::size_t>widths;for(constauto&row:matrix){auto&cells=rows.emplace_back();std::size_tcolumn=0;for(constauto&value:row){cells.push_back(format_cell(value));if(column==widths.size())widths.push_back(0);widths[column]=std::max(widths[column],cells.back().size());++column;}}boolfirst=true;for(constauto&row:rows){if(!first)write_char('\n');first=false;for(std::size_tcolumn=0;column<row.size();++column){if(column!=0)write_char(_range_separator);for(std::size_tpadding=row[column].size();padding<widths[column];++padding){write_char(' ');}write(row[column]);}}}public:explicitFastOutput(std::FILE*stream=stdout):_stream(stream),_position(0),_precision(6),_float_format(std::chars_format::general),_range_separator(' '){if(_stream==stdout&&internal::standard_output_instance==nullptr){internal::standard_output_instance=this;}}FastOutput(constFastOutput&)=delete;FastOutput&operator=(constFastOutput&)=delete;~FastOutput(){flush();if(internal::standard_output_instance==this){internal::standard_output_instance=nullptr;}}voidflush(){if(_position!=0){std::fwrite(_buffer,1,_position,_stream);_position=0;}std::fflush(_stream);}voidwrite_char(charc){if(_capture!=nullptr){_capture->push_back(c);return;}if(_position==buffer_size)flush();_buffer[_position++]=c;}voidwrite(constchar*s){while(*s!='\0')write_char(*s++);}voidwrite(conststd::string&s){if(_capture!=nullptr){_capture->append(s);return;}std::size_tposition=0;while(position<s.size()){if(_position==buffer_size)flush();conststd::size_tcopied=std::min<std::size_t>(buffer_size-_position,s.size()-position);std::memcpy(_buffer+_position,s.data()+position,copied);_position+=int(copied);position+=copied;}}voidwrite(charc){write_char(c);}voidwrite(boolvalue){write_char(value?'1':'0');}template<classT>std::enable_if_t<std::is_floating_point_v<T>>write(Tvalue){chardigits[128];auto[end,error]=std::to_chars(digits,digits+sizeof(digits),value,_float_format,_precision);if(error!=std::errc())std::abort();for(constchar*pointer=digits;pointer!=end;pointer++){write_char(*pointer);}}template<classT>std::enable_if_t<internal::is_integral_v<T>&&!std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>,bool>&&!std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>,char>>write(Tvalue){usingRaw=std::remove_cv_t<T>;usingUnsigned=internal::make_unsigned_t<Raw>;Unsignedmagnitude;ifconstexpr(internal::is_signed_v<Raw>){if(value<0){write_char('-');magnitude=Unsigned(0)-Unsigned(value);}else{magnitude=Unsigned(value);}}else{magnitude=value;}if(magnitude==0){write_char('0');return;}unsignedchunks[16];intcount=0;while(magnitude>=10000){constUnsignedquotient=magnitude/10000;chunks[count++]=unsigned(magnitude-quotient*10000);magnitude=quotient;}if(_capture==nullptr&&_position>buffer_size-64)flush();charcaptured[64];char*constbegin=_capture!=nullptr?captured:_buffer+_position;char*destination=begin;constunsignedleading=unsigned(magnitude);constchar*first=digit_quads.data()+4*leading;intskip=leading<10?3:leading<100?2:leading<1000?1:0;for(;skip<4;skip++)*destination++=first[skip];while(count--){constchar*digits=digit_quads.data()+4*chunks[count];std::memcpy(destination,digits,4);destination+=4;}if(_capture!=nullptr){_capture->append(begin,destination-begin);}else{_position+=int(destination-begin);}}template<classT>std::enable_if_t<internal::has_val_method_v<T>&&!internal::is_integral_v<T>&&!internal::is_range_v<T>>write(constT&value){write(value.val());}template<classFirst,classSecond>voidwrite(conststd::pair<First,Second>&value){write(value.first);write_char(' ');write(value.second);}template<classRange>std::enable_if_t<internal::is_range_v<Range>&&!internal::is_string_like_v<Range>>write(constRange&range){usingStoredValue=internal::range_stored_value_t<constRange>;constexprboolnested=internal::is_range_v<StoredValue>&&!internal::is_string_like_v<StoredValue>;boolfirst=true;for(constauto&value:range){if(!first)write_char(nested?'\n':_range_separator);first=false;ifconstexpr(std::is_same_v<StoredValue,bool>&&!nested){write(static_cast<bool>(value));}else{write(value);}}}template<classFirst,class...Rest>voidprint(constFirst&first,constRest&...rest){write(first);((write_char(' '),write(rest)),...);}voidprintln(){write_char('\n');}voidset_precision(intprecision){_precision=precision;}voidset_fixed(intprecision=6){_float_format=std::chars_format::fixed;_precision=precision;}voidset_general(intprecision=6){_float_format=std::chars_format::general;_precision=precision;}voidset_range_separator(charseparator){_range_separator=separator;}template<classMatrix>voidwrite_aligned(constMatrix&matrix){usingRow=internal::range_stored_value_t<constMatrix>;usingCell=internal::range_stored_value_t<constRow>;static_assert(internal::is_range_v<Row>&&!internal::is_string_like_v<Row>,"write_aligned requires a two-dimensional range");static_assert(!internal::is_range_v<Cell>||internal::is_string_like_v<Cell>,"write_aligned requires scalar cells");write_aligned_matrix(matrix);}template<classMatrix>voidprintln_aligned(constMatrix&matrix){write_aligned(matrix);write_char('\n');}template<class...Args>voidprintln(constArgs&...args){print(args...);write_char('\n');}template<classT>FastOutput&operator<<(constT&value){write(value);return*this;}};}// namespace utilities}// namespace m1une#line 4 "verify/ds/dsu/dsu.test.cpp"
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#line 1 "ds/dsu/dsu.hpp"
#line 8 "ds/dsu/dsu.hpp"
namespacem1une{namespaceds{structDsu{private:int_n;// parent_or_size[i] is the parent of i if it's >= 0.// If it's < 0, then i is a root and -parent_or_size[i] is the size of the group.std::vector<int>parent_or_size;// Returns {new leader, absorbed leader}. The absorbed leader is -1 when// both vertices already belong to the same component.std::pair<int,int>merge_leaders(inta,intb){intx=leader(a),y=leader(b);if(x==y)return{x,-1};if(-parent_or_size[x]<-parent_or_size[y])std::swap(x,y);parent_or_size[x]+=parent_or_size[y];parent_or_size[y]=x;return{x,y};}public:Dsu():_n(0){}explicitDsu(intn):_n(n),parent_or_size(n,-1){}// Merges the group containing 'a' with the group containing 'b'.// Returns the leader of the merged group.intmerge(inta,intb){returnmerge_leaders(a,b).first;}// Invokes callback(new_leader, absorbed_leader) after an actual merge.// Returns the leader of the merged group.template<classCallback>intmerge(inta,intb,Callback&&callback){std::pair<int,int>merged=merge_leaders(a,b);if(merged.second!=-1)callback(merged.first,merged.second);returnmerged.first;}// Returns true if 'a' and 'b' belong to the same group.boolsame(inta,intb){returnleader(a)==leader(b);}// Returns the leader (representative) of the group containing 'a'.intleader(inta){if(parent_or_size[a]<0)returna;// Path compressionreturnparent_or_size[a]=leader(parent_or_size[a]);}// Returns the size of the group containing 'a'.intsize(inta){return-parent_or_size[leader(a)];}// Returns a list of all groups, where each group is a vector of its elements.std::vector<std::vector<int>>groups(){std::vector<int>leader_buf(_n),group_size(_n);for(inti=0;i<_n;i++){leader_buf[i]=leader(i);group_size[leader_buf[i]]++;}std::vector<std::vector<int>>result(_n);for(inti=0;i<_n;i++){result[i].reserve(group_size[i]);}for(inti=0;i<_n;i++){result[leader_buf[i]].push_back(i);}result.erase(std::remove_if(result.begin(),result.end(),[&](conststd::vector<int>&v){returnv.empty();}),result.end());returnresult;}};}// namespace ds}// namespace m1une#line 8 "verify/ds/dsu/dsu.test.cpp"
usingnamespacestd;namespace{voidtest_callback(){m1une::ds::Dsudsu(6);vector<longlong>sum={1,2,3,4,5,6};intcallback_count=0;autocombine=[&](intnew_leader,intabsorbed_leader){assert(dsu.leader(new_leader)==new_leader);assert(dsu.leader(absorbed_leader)==new_leader);sum[new_leader]+=sum[absorbed_leader];callback_count++;};assert(dsu.merge(0,1,combine)==0);assert(dsu.merge(2,3,combine)==2);assert(dsu.merge(0,2,combine)==0);assert(sum[dsu.leader(3)]==10);assert(callback_count==3);assert(dsu.merge(1,3,combine)==0);assert(callback_count==3);assert(dsu.merge(4,0,combine)==0);assert(sum[dsu.leader(4)]==15);assert(callback_count==4);}}// namespaceintmain(){m1une::utilities::FastInputfast_input;m1une::utilities::FastOutputfast_output;test_callback();intN,Q;fast_input>>N>>Q;m1une::ds::Dsudsu(N);for(intq=0;q<Q;++q){intt,u,v;fast_input>>t>>u>>v;if(t==0){dsu.merge(u,v);}else{fast_output<<(int)dsu.same(u,v)<<'\n';}}}